DEVICE FOR TRANSPORTING MUSHROOMS

专利摘要:
Device for transporting picked mushrooms (1), wherein this device comprises a plurality of openings (4) into which the mushrooms (1) can be arranged, and comprises one or more displacement means for displacing these openings (4) from a picking zone to a removal zone where the mushrooms (1) arranged in the openings (4) are removable, this device comprising a plurality of transport modules (5) each comprising one or more said openings (4), and the displacement means comprising at least a first transport unit (6a, 6b) , (60a, 60b) for moving the transport modules (5) to an intermediate point and a second transport unit (7) which connects to the first transport unit (6a, 6b), (60a, 60b) at the height of the intermediate point for moving the transport modules (5) from the intermediate point to the take-out zone.
公开号:BE1025212B1
申请号:E2017/5478
申请日:2017-07-05
公开日:2018-12-10
发明作者:Pierre Delbeke；Paul Delbeke
申请人:Delfort Comm. V.；Pd Consult Comm. V.；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

DEVICE FOR TRANSPORTING MUSHROOMS
This invention relates to a device for transporting picked mushrooms comprising a hat and a handle, such as mushrooms, wherein this device comprises a plurality of openings through which the handle of a mushroom can be arranged according to substantially a downwardly directed pick-up direction, and comprises one or more displacement means for moving these openings from a picking zone, where the mushrooms are picked and arranged in the openings, to a removal zone where the mushrooms arranged in the openings are removable.
This invention also relates to a business site where mushrooms, such as mushrooms, are grown, said business site comprising such a device.
The cultivation of edible mushrooms on a company site, more specifically the cultivation of mushrooms, takes place according to a certain cultivation cycle. This cultivation cycle thus comprises one or more preparatory phases and one or more harvesting phases.
Most business sites are currently starting with a grown substrate on which a layer of cover earth is applied. Grown-up substrate is substrate inoculated with mushroom mycelium, specifically mushroom mycelium (mushroom brood), and where the mycelium has had time to (partially) grow through the substrate. To start the cultivation, this grown substrate is introduced into a cultivation cell and a layer of cover soil is applied on top of this substrate. This is the start of the preparatory phases that take place before mushrooms can be harvested. The preparatory phases here include, respectively, the mycelium growth / mycelium phase and the bud phase. In the mycelium phase, the mycelium grows from the through-grown substrate through the casing soil. Buds are then formed from the mycelium. This is the button phase. A harvesting phase is one
BE2017 / 5478 period in which the mushrooms will be harvested. Harvesting is also indicated by the term "picking".
The harvesting phases start after the bud phase. These harvesting phases are also indicated by the term flights.
In the known cultivation methods, the said substrate is placed in boxes or in beds. Beds (racks) are a type of long legs on legs, in which the substrate is applied. These beds can be placed single-layered, but they can also be placed on top of each other. There is then talk of multi-layer substrate cultivation in beds. Growing in beds is economically quite interesting.
The cultivation of edible mushrooms, such as mushrooms, is a labor-intensive cultivation. This is because the harvesting of the mushrooms, being the picking of the mushrooms, must be done manually if you want to obtain mushrooms of good quality. It is also possible to pick mushrooms by machine, but the quality of these machine harvested mushrooms is insufficient. The latter mushrooms are therefore only suitable for the canning and / or deep-frozen industry. When picking manually, you can also start offering these mushrooms at the fresh market.
In the traditional cultivation systems, the pickers or pickers pluck the mushrooms with one hand and the stem end, being the part of the stem furthest away from the hat, is cut off with the other hand with a knife. The picked mushrooms are placed in trays or bags, which are then moved later.
To make manual picking faster, sometimes a picking belt is provided. The picking belt is then arranged next to and / or above the beds or crates. This plucking belt is a conveyor belt comprising a belt with several openings through which the handle of a mushroom can be arranged according to substantially a
BE2017 / 5478 downwardly directed pick-up direction, and moving means for moving this belt from a picking zone, where the mushrooms are picked and arranged in the openings, to a removal zone where the mushrooms arranged in the openings are removable. With the help of such a picking belt, the transport of the mushrooms is partly automated, which makes cultivation less labor-intensive. However, at the end of the picking belt, someone still has to take the mushrooms from the picking belt and apply them in the desired packaging. In principle, the removal of the mushrooms could be automated, but this would mean that there must also be a robot / machine per picking belt to remove the mushrooms from the picking belt.
It is therefore an object of the invention to further optimize the picking / harvesting of mushrooms comprising a hat and a handle, such as mushrooms, and to make this picking / harvesting less labor-intensive.
This object is achieved by providing a device for transporting picked mushrooms comprising a hat and a handle, such as mushrooms, this device comprising a plurality of openings through which the handle of a mushroom can be arranged according to substantially a downward-facing pick-up direction, and one or a plurality of displacement means for displacing these openings from a picking zone, where the mushrooms are picked and arranged in the openings, to a removal zone where the mushrooms arranged in the openings are removable, this device comprising a plurality of transport modules each of which comprises one or more comprise openings, and the displacement means comprise at least a first conveying unit, for displacing the conveying modules to an intermediate point and second conveying unit, which connects to the first conveying unit at the height of the intermediate point, for displacing the conveying modules of the t intermediate point to the take-out zone, wherein the first transport unit is provided to be arranged at least partially in the picking zone.
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The transport modules are moved here from the picking zone to the removal zone. The picking zone indicates the zone where the mushrooms will be harvested and therefore picked. The removal zone indicates the zone where the mushrooms are removed from the transport modules. The picking of the mushrooms can for example be done with the help of a robot. There are different cultivation methods for growing mushrooms on a company site. The most commonly used cultivation methods make use of crates or beds in which mature substrate is applied. These boxes or beds are preferably arranged in a cultivation cell. The picking zone is then part of the cultivation cell. However, it is also possible to remove the crates and / or beds from the cultivation cell at the time that you wish to pick.
This device works with transport modules that are moved using at least two transport units. By working here with transport modules that can be transferred between transport units, great flexibility is created. The fact is that the take-out zone can be arranged here in a different room than the room in which the picking zone is located. This is because it is easy to move transport modules between different spaces with the help of separate transport units. A said transport module can for instance comprise one or two, or three, etc. said openings. The transport module is then provided to move 1, 2, 3 or more mushrooms at the same time. Packaging material no longer has to be brought into the picking zone here, which reduces the risk of contamination.
The first transport unit can be arranged to be positioned such that the intermediate point is outside of a culture cell and the removal zone can be located in one central space, all the picked mushrooms being moved to this central space by the second transport unit.
The first and / or the second transport unit can then be arranged such that the transport modules automatically decay from the first transport unit to the second
BE2017 / 5478 transport unit and this at the height of the intermediate point. Optionally, guide elements / push elements can also be used that promote a smooth transition. This can be a direct transition, but optionally use can also be made of an intermediate unit which transfers the transport modules from the first transport unit to the second transport unit. Each transport unit can for instance comprise one or more conveyor belts, wherein these conveyor belts then connect to each other and thus the transport modules are transferred between the two transport units. The transport modules are then brought to the desired locations / zones via conveyor belts. Conveyor belts are simple and commonly available / available.
The pick-up direction indicates here the ideal direction with which the mushrooms can be inserted into the openings. The opening extends along a plane. The pick-up direction preferably extends substantially perpendicularly to this plane. In order to make arranging the stems in the openings as simple as possible, the surface of the opening, when used, preferably extends substantially horizontally. The recording direction then preferably corresponds to the vertical direction. This does not preclude certain pickers / pickers from applying the mushrooms at an angle to the pick-up direction. This angle is preferably no greater than 20 °, even more preferably no greater than 10 °. By arranging the stems of the mushrooms in the openings substantially in accordance with the receiving direction, it is ensured that these mushrooms are properly received in the openings and that they are not damaged.
For a business site comprising a plurality of culture cells in which picking is carried out, a movable first transport unit can be provided that is movable from one culture cell to the other culture cell or one first transport unit can be provided for each culture cell. If one first transport unit is provided for each cultivation cell, then one central second transport unit can for instance be provided to which said first transport units connect or can be connected, said second transport unit going to the transport modules
BE2017 / 5478 move to a central take-off zone. This central take-out zone is then preferably arranged in a separate room. With the aid of such a device it is possible to centralize the removal of the mushrooms, even if there are several picking zones. In the removal zone, a robot / machine can be provided that removes mushrooms from the transport modules, as a result of which the labor intensity of the mushroom cultivation strongly decreases.
In a preferred embodiment, the first transport unit and the second transport unit each comprise one or more conveyor belts, for supporting and carrying the transport modules. It is very easy to move transport modules with conveyor belts on which the transport modules are provided to support / rest. The second transport unit can for instance comprise at least one central conveyor belt on which all transport modules end up, so that all transport modules can then simply be brought to the removal zone. Certain conveyor belts are preferably also movable, so that they can be used at the desired location. When the cultivation takes place in beds, it is possible, for example, to provide at least one movable conveyor belt so that one can place this conveyor belt at the location where picking takes place. At least one conveyor belt preferably comprises at least one belt and a frame, said one belt being arranged movably around the frame. A band can also be referred to as the string if it is sufficiently thin. This conveyor belt is arranged so that it can move the transport unit from a point A to a point B by supporting and carrying the bottom of this transport module from point A to point B. The transport module then rests on the outside of the conveyor belt and this at the height of the upper part of the conveyor belt. Preferably, the underside of each conveyor module, which is provided to come into contact with the conveyor belts, extends along a plane so that the conveyor module is stably supported by the conveyor belts.
The device preferably comprises at least two said first transport units which each connect at the said intermediate point to said second
BE2017 / 5478 transport unit. In a particular embodiment the device comprises at least two sets of one or more first transport units and the device comprises a second transport unit for each set of one or more transport units. Both second transport units are then preferably provided for moving the transport modules to the same removal zone. This device is then suitable for a company site that comprises several sets of one or more growing cells in which picking is taking place.
In a preferred embodiment, the apertures extend along a plane and a maximum dimension of these apertures is between 1.5 cm and 4.5 cm, such that, viewed in the receiving direction, the hat is provided to extend substantially at the top from the opening. By limiting the dimensions of the openings here, the hats of the picked mushrooms will not be able to extend beyond the openings. This ensures that the mushrooms will lean well on the transport modules. Said surface extends during use of this device, preferably substantially horizontally. These openings are preferably circular with a maximum diameter between 1.5 cm and 4.5 cm. Stems are easily inserted into such openings and such openings do not include sharp edges or corners that can damage the stem. The openings can for instance also be oval-shaped. Other forms are also possible.
By working here with separate transport modules, you can easily provide different types of transport modules here. The device preferably comprises at least two types of transport modules, wherein the dimensions of the openings of these transport modules differ from each other. The fact is that the mushrooms that are picked during cultivation will vary in size. This depends on the desired species that you want to pick, large, medium or smaller mushrooms, but this also depends on the period in the growing cycle. By then always making use of the desired type of transport module, one always has the appropriate opening through which one can provide said stem. The different types of
BE2017 / 5478 transport modules can also be adapted to the type of hat, so that after the insertion of the handle through a said opening, the hat is well supported by the transport module.
In a preferred embodiment, said opening provides access to or forms part of a passage that extends through the respective transport module according to the pick-up direction. By working with a passage, mushrooms with different stem lengths can always be applied properly through the openings and supports on the transport modules, and the mushrooms can therefore be easily moved using the transport modules. When a said opening forms part of a passage, this means that a part of the passage can extend above the opening as seen in the receiving direction. This section can then be adapted to receive and support the hat as well as possible.
The device preferably further comprises a cutting unit comprising one or more cutting elements, for cutting off the stem ends which extend beyond the passage as viewed in the receiving direction. By providing a cutting unit here which cuts off the stem ends, these stem ends do not have to be cut manually and pickers have their two hands free to pick, so that picking can proceed faster and thus becomes less labor-intensive. The one or more cutting elements are then preferably arranged in such a way that the one or more cutting elements are located on the underside of the transport modules and can thus reach the handle ends extending through the passage. The dimensions of the passage are then preferably embodied such that a handle end almost always extends beyond the passage, after the application of a mushroom through the opening. The device may, for example, comprise a collection bin arranged below the cutting unit to receive the cut-off stem ends and / or the device may comprise an open or closed trough arranged under the cutting unit to receive the cut-off stem ends and drain using water.
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The first conveyor unit preferably further comprises a conveyor belt for supporting and carrying the conveyor modules, this conveyor belt leaving access to the passages free. The access to the passageways means that the undersides of the passageways are free and that the stems of the mushrooms can extend beyond the undersides of the transport modules. As the transport modules start to support on the outside of the conveyor belt, the cutting unit can then for instance be provided such that the one or more cutting elements are arranged on the inside of this conveyor belt at a location where the transport modules supported and carried by this conveyor belt. In this way, the cutting elements are capable of cutting off the stem ends that extend beyond the passage. A conveyor belt comprises at least one movable belt that moves around a frame or the like. Conveyor belts of this kind are well capable of displacing conveyor modules in which one or more mushrooms are arranged and in which a handle extends beyond the passage. By leaving the passages free, these stems do not hinder the transport of the transport modules and the transport modules can rest well on the conveyor belt. By already cutting off the handle ends extending beyond the passages at the level of the first transport unit, it is then possible to provide standard conveyor belts with, for example, continuous or continuous belts for the second transport unit, since the mushrooms virtually no longer extend beyond the passage when the stem end has been cut. One can then, for example, provide one central second transport unit to which one or more first transport units are provided to connect to during the use of this device.
Said conveyor belt can for instance comprise at least two conveyor belts, which are arranged at a distance from each other and substantially parallel to each other, wherein the conveyor modules are provided for resting on both conveyor belts. A space extends here between the two conveyor belts. The transport modules and the distance between both transport strings can be found here
BE2017 / 5478 adapted to the dimensions of the passage, so that the stems can then extend between the two conveyor belts. The one or more cutting elements are then preferably arranged here in such a way that they start to cut the stems just below the part of these conveyor belts on which the transport modules are located and this viewed in the direction of the receiving direction.
It is also possible, for example, to provide a said conveyor belt comprising holes, wherein the passages of the transport modules are provided for extending above these holes. For example, a belt with holes and positioning elements, such as projecting elements, can be provided, these positioning elements always taking the transport modules in a position where the passages are located above these holes.
In an alternative embodiment, the second conveyor unit comprises a conveyor belt for supporting and entraining the conveyor modules, this conveyor belt allowing access to the passages, and the cutting unit and the second conveyor unit being arranged to be arranged so that the one or more cutting elements on the inside of the conveyor belt are arranged at a location where the conveyor modules are supported and carried along by the conveyor belt.
The one or more cutting elements are preferably arranged rotatably. For example, the one or more cutting elements can be rotatably arranged around an axis of rotation, which preferably extends substantially in the direction of the receiving direction. Cutting a stem end with the aid of a rotating knife or the like goes very smoothly. Preferably, during use of the device, said opening extends along a plane that extends substantially horizontally and preferably the receiving direction extends perpendicularly to this plane. By then providing cutting elements here that rotate around an axis of rotation extending in the receiving direction, the stem ends are also cut horizontally. The one or more cutting elements
BE2017 / 5478 can also be (metal) strings that form a closed loop, whereby this loop is driven.
Each cutting unit preferably comprises at least two cutting elements, wherein these cutting elements are, for example, discs which partially overlap each other during rotation about their axis of rotation. The transport modules normally move towards these cutting elements. Due to the overlap and a rotating movement, the cutting elements then position the stems and take them with them during the cutting of the stem ends, whereby the cutting of the stem ends can proceed very quickly and smoothly.
Also further preferably the cutting unit comprises one or more guide elements for guiding the transport modules along the one or more cutting elements. This ensures that the stem ends are properly cut and the mushrooms do not move too much relative to their transport modules during the cutting of the stem ends. These guide elements can for instance comprise guide wheels for properly positioning and guiding the transport modules along the one or more cutting elements. These guide wheels are preferably rotatable about an axis that extends substantially in the direction of take-up and these guide wheels can be driven or not driven.
In a preferred embodiment, said passage comprises a hat space which, viewed in accordance with the receiving direction, extends at the top of the opening, the hat being provided to extend at least partially into the hat space. The hat is preferably provided to extend largely or mainly in the hat space. The hat then rests on the transport module and this at least at the height of the hat space, as a result of which the mushroom is properly held in the desired position when the transport module is moved. The quality of the mushrooms is therefore well preserved.
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Even more preferably, the dimensions of the hat space, viewed along a plane perpendicular to the receiving direction, decrease towards the opening. Mushrooms with different sizes and therefore different handle lengths can then be arranged in such a way that almost always the same length of the handle, viewed in the direction of the receiving direction, extends beyond the opening and thus possibly extends beyond the passage. When the device also comprises a cutting unit, this prevents the volumes of the cut stem ends from being very large, which benefits the yield of the cultivation. These dimensions can decrease continuously, as a result of which the walls of the hat space form a slope towards the opening. The shape of the hat space can, for example, have the shape of a truncated cone. The shape of the passage beyond the opening seen in the receiving direction can then be in the form of a cylinder.
Also preferably, the dimension of the passage, viewed in the direction of the pick-up direction and measured from the opening and directed downwards, is between 0.1 and 3 cm. As a result, there is sufficient space in which the handle can extend, so that the mushroom retains its desired position when moving the transport module. The size is also not too large, so that a part of the stem always extends beyond the passage and can therefore be cut off with the aid of a said cutting unit.
A cross-section of a said transport module perpendicular to the pick-up direction is preferably oval-shaped. Preferably, all cross-sections of the transport module perpendicular to the receiving direction are substantially oval-shaped. Oval-shaped conveyor modules are easily displaceable between different conveyor belts and can also be properly guided by one conveyor belt and between two successive conveyor belts. They will also not start to rotate undesirably around an axis that extends according to the pick-up direction. At the removal zone, the second transport unit can then have a conveyor belt where all transport modules are placed on one line and moved one after the other. Getting oval-shaped transport modules in line is simple. However, it is also possible to provide a transport module with a cross-section perpendicular to the pick-up direction
BE2017 / 5478 which is circular, has the shape of a polygon such as a rectangle, etc. If the cross-section is a polygon, the corners are preferably rounded.
The transport modules are preferably mainly made of hard plastic or metal. These transport modules have a certain rigidity here and are not or less susceptible to breakage. Transport modules are also easy to clean, which benefits hygiene.
In a very preferred embodiment, the displacement means comprise at least a third transport unit for displacing transport modules from the removal zone back to a said picking zone. With the aid of a third transport unit, the transport modules that were brought to the removal zone by the second transport unit to remove the mushrooms from the transport modules there can simply be returned to the first transport units so that the transport modules can then be filled back with mushrooms. . In this way, a continuous system is obtained so that picking will proceed very smoothly. The device here is then preferably a completely closed system that can work autonomously.
The object of this invention is also achieved by providing a business site for growing mushrooms, such as mushrooms, which includes a hat and a stem, wherein this business site comprises a device as shown above, and wherein this business site comprises a first cultivation cell, wherein said first cultivation cell comprises a picking zone in which the mushrooms are picked, the first transport unit being arranged at least partially in this picking zone, and that this business site comprises a collection space, said collection space comprising the removal zone. The picking zone is then preferably arranged in a space that differs from the collection space.
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This company site preferably comprises several cultivation cells in which mushrooms are picked. The business site and the device can then, for example, be designed as follows.
The business site may, for example, comprise a central corridor that provides access to two or more growing cells and that provides access to a packaging space.
One or more beds are present in these cultivation cells in which mushrooms are grown and picked. For each cultivation cell there is a first transport unit, wherein each first transport unit comprises at least one picking conveyor which is arranged to be positioned at the height of a said bed, so that pickers / pickers can provide mushrooms in the transport modules that are moved with the picking conveyor. Furthermore, there is a cutting unit in each growing cell which is arranged at the level of the first transport unit. Each first transport unit ends in the corridor with an end that connects to a conveyor belt of the second transport unit, which is arranged at least partially in the corridor. This end forms the said intermediate point here. For the growing cells in which picking is taking place, there is always a conveyor belt of the first conveyor unit which connects to the said conveyor belt of the second conveyor unit.
This second transport unit then takes the transport modules to the packaging space and in this packaging space there is then an installation that extracts the mushrooms from the transport modules at the height of said removal zone. Furthermore, the device then preferably comprises a third transport unit with one or more conveyor belts which takes the transport modules back from the take-out zone to a said picking conveyor.
The present invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of a device according to the present invention. The purpose of this description is only to provide clarifying examples and to provide further benefits and details
BE2017 / 5478, and can therefore in no way be interpreted as a limitation of the scope of the invention or of the patent rights claimed in the claims.
In this detailed description reference is made by reference numerals to the accompanying drawings wherein
figure 1 is a schematic representation of a company site comprising a device for moving picked mushrooms, according to a first embodiment of the invention;
figure 2 is a schematic representation of a company site comprising a device for moving picked mushrooms, according to a second embodiment of the invention;
figure 3 is a top view of a first embodiment of a transport module according to the invention;
figure 4 is a top view of a second embodiment of a transport module according to the invention;
figure 5 represents a cross-section of the transport module shown in figure
4;
figure 6 represents the cross-section of figure 5, wherein a small mushroom is arranged through the opening;
figure 7 represents the cross-section of figure 5, wherein a large mushroom is arranged through the opening;
figure 8 is a schematic representation of a top view of a first embodiment of a cutting unit according to the invention, wherein the direction of rotation is represented by arrows;
figure 9 is a schematic representation of a top view of a second embodiment of a cutting unit according to the invention, wherein the sense of rotation is represented by arrows;
figure 10 represents a cross-section of the transport module shown in figure and this at the height of a cutting unit as shown in figure 8, wherein the
BE2017 / 5478 transport module is supported by two transport strings from the first transport unit.
Figures 1 and 2 are schematic representations of a part of a company site where mushrooms (1) are grown. Mushrooms (1) include a hat (2) and a stem (3). These company sites comprise a device for transporting mushrooms (1) according to the invention. Figure 1 schematically shows a first embodiment of such a device. Figure 2 schematically shows a second embodiment of such a device.
The cultivation of mushrooms (1) takes place in these company sites with the help of beds (17) in which grown substrate and cover earth have been applied. For this purpose, these business sites comprise several cultivation cells (18) in which beds (17) are arranged. In the figures two growing cells (18) are shown in which mushrooms (1) are picked. It is quite possible that not all growing cells (18) are harvested. For example, in certain growing cells (18), preparatory phases can only take place such as the mycelial phase and / or the bud phase. Use is then made of pull-through systems to move the cultivation between at least two growing cells (18).
The business sites shown in Figures 1 and 2 are structured in the same way. For example, they each comprise a central corridor and cultivation cells (18) which open into the corridor via a closable opening. These openings are at least partially opened when picking is done in the growing cells (18). Furthermore, the company site comprises a collection space (12) that connects to the corridor. In other words, the corridor can be contacted both with the growing cells (18) and with the collection space (12).
The two devices shown here each comprise the following elements: - multiple transport modules (5) which each comprise one or more openings (4), through which the stem (3) of a mushroom (1) can be arranged in accordance with substantially a downwardly directed pick-up direction (A) ,
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-a first transport unit (6a, 6b), (60a, 60b) comprising a first (6a, 60a) and a second conveyor belt (6b, 60b) which connect to each other, for moving the transport modules (5) to an intermediate point, wherein the transport modules (5) are provided to support on the conveyor belts (6a, 6b, 60a, 60b),
-a second conveyor unit (7) comprising one conveyor belt (7) which connects to each second conveyor belt (6b, 60b) of each first conveyor unit (6a, 6b), (60a, 60b) at the height of said intermediate point, for moving the transport modules (5) from the intermediate point to a take-out zone, the transport modules (5) being provided to support on the conveyor belt (7);
-a third transport unit (lia, 11b) comprising a supply conveyor belt (11a) which connects to the take-out zone, for moving the transport modules (5) from the take-out zone towards the growing cells (18) and a distribution conveyor (11b) per growing cell (18), which connects to the supply conveyor (11a), for bringing the transport modules (5) from the supply conveyor (11a) into the respective cultivation cell (18), the transport modules (5) being provided to rest on these conveyor belts (11a, 11b) . These distribution conveyor belts (11b) each connect to the first conveyor belt (6a, 60a) of the respective first conveyor unit (6a, 6b), (60a, 60b);
- a cutting unit (9) in each growing cell (18) to cut the stem ends of the mushrooms (1), which are furthest away from the hat (2) and extend beyond the transport modules (5).
One of the said two conveyor belts (6a, 60b) of the first conveyor unit (6a, 6b), (60a, 60b) is placed at the height of the bed (s) where picking is taking place, so is placed at the height of said picking zone. When transport modules (5) are moved using this conveyor belt (6a, 60b), mushrooms (1) are placed in the openings (4).
With the aid of this device, the transport modules (5) are thus moved from a picking zone to the removal zone and then back to a picking zone. With the aid of this device one can continuously start picking.
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The removal zone is arranged here in the collection space (12). This is one room (12) where all the picked mushrooms (1) come together. This means that the removal of the mushrooms (1) from the transport modules (5) can easily be mechanized, since one only has to provide for one machine / robot that removes the picked mushrooms (1). This means that it is also easier and quicker to sort by size and quality of the mushrooms (1).
Each cutting unit (9) is arranged at the level of the second conveyor belt (6b, 60b) of the first conveyor unit (6a, 6b), (60a, 60b) and this between the picking zone and the intermediate point.
Each first conveyor unit (6a, 6b) as shown in Figure 1 comprises a first conveyor belt (6a) which connects to the respective distribution conveyor belt (11b) of the third conveyor unit (lia, 1lb) and which extends transversely over the two beds ( 17). This first conveyor belt (6a) can be moved along a longitudinal direction of these beds (17), so that it can be moved to the zone of the beds (17) where picking is taking place, i.e. to the picking zone. At the level of the first conveyor belt (6a), the picked mushrooms (1) are arranged in the conveyor modules (5) and these conveyor modules (5) are moved further towards the second conveyor belt (6b). The first conveyor belt (6a) connects to the second conveyor belt (6b) of the first conveyor unit (6a, 6b). From the first conveyor belt (6a), the conveyor modules (5) are then transferred to the second conveyor belt (6b) which moves the conveyor modules (5) to the respective intermediate point. The cutting unit (9) is arranged at this second conveyor belt (6b) such that the stem ends are cut off when they are transported by the second conveyor belt (6b). As seen with both conveyor belts (6a, 6b) of the first conveyor unit (6a, 6b), the stems (3) proceed beyond the conveyor modules (5) as viewed in the direction of pick-up (A) (see further), these conveyor belts (6a, 6b) each of two conveyor belts (20) extending parallel and at a distance from each other. The transport modules (5) rest on these conveyor belts (20), during their movement with these conveyor belts (20), that the openings (4) are located between these two conveyor belts (20)
BE2017 / 5478, so that the stems (3) can extend between these conveyor belts (20).
Each first conveyor unit (60a, 60b) as shown in Figure 2 comprises a first conveyor belt (60a) which connects to the respective distribution conveyor belt (11b) of the third conveyor unit (11a, 11b) and which is located next to both of the two beds (17) ). This first conveyor belt (60a) connects to a second conveyor belt (60b) of the first conveyor unit (60a, 60b), said second conveyor belt (60b) extending at the height of a bed (17) as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the beds ( 17) and is also movable perpendicular to this longitudinal direction, so that this second conveyor belt (60b) can be moved to the zone of the beds (17) where picking is taking place, i.e. to the picking zone. At the level of the second conveyor belt (60b), the picked mushrooms (1) are arranged in the transport modules (5). The cutting unit (9) is arranged at this second conveyor belt (60b) so that the stem ends are cut off when they are transported by the second conveyor belt (60b). Since at the second conveyor belt (60b) of the first conveyor unit (60a, 60b) the stems (3) proceed beyond the conveyor modules (5) as viewed in the pick-up direction (A) (see further), this conveyor belt (60b) consists of two conveyor belts (20) extending parallel and spaced apart. The transport modules (5) rest on these conveyor belts (20), during their movement with this second conveyor belt (60b), that the openings (4) extend between these two conveyor belts (20), so that the stems (3) extend between these conveyor belts (20) can extend.
The transition between two contiguous conveyor belts (6a, 6b, 60a, 60b, 7, 11a, 1 lb) can be optimized with push elements and / or guide elements that guide the transport modules (5) during the transition between two conveyor belts (6a, 6b, 60a , 60b, 7, 11a, 11b).
Figures 8 and 9 show two possible embodiments of cutting units (9). Figure 8 shows a cutting unit (9) comprising two
BE2017 / 5478 rotating discs (9a) that each rotate according to an axis of rotation extending in the direction of pick-up (A) and these discs (9a) partially overlap. Figure 10 shows a transport module (5) at the height of this cutting unit (9). As shown in Figure 10, this cutting unit (9) also includes guide wheels (19) that rotate about an axis of rotation that extends substantially in the direction of pick-up (A) and which guide the transport modules (5) along the discs (9a). Figure 8 shows a cutting unit (9) comprising two metal strings (9b) which are driven by two wheels each rotating around an axis of rotation extending in the direction of pick-up (A).
There are different types of transport modules (5). Each type of transport module (5) can also be provided with the desired dimensions. The transport modules (5) shown here are blocks with a top side (15) and a flat bottom side (14), each comprising one or more passages (8) extending through the transport modules (5) from the top side (15) to the bottom side (14) and extend according to the recording direction (A). These passages (8) comprise the said openings (4). Each passage (8) consists of a hat space (10) which, viewed in accordance with the receiving direction (A), extends above the opening (4) and a stem space (13) which extends below the opening (4). The dimensions of the transport modules (5) are adapted to the dimensions of the mushrooms (1) that are picked and provided to be fitted in these transport modules (5), so that the hat (2) does not extend beyond the opening (4) ) and can only be fitted with a handle (3) through the opening (4) and is further such that a handle (3) almost always extends beyond the transport module (5) as viewed in the direction of pick-up (A). The hat space (10) has the shape of a truncated cone, the dimensions of which taper in the direction of the opening (4) and the connecting stem space (13) has a cylindrical stem space (13). Due to the shape of the hat space (10), the hat space (10) has a slope (16) on which the mushrooms (1) can support and each mushroom (1) will, irrespective of its size, protrude almost equally far beyond the underside (14) of the transport modules (5) so that the cut-off stem end is not too large.
BE2017 / 5478
Because the underside (14) of each transport module (5) is flat, a transport module (5), when there are no mushrooms (1) in the one or more openings (4) or when the stem end has already been cut off by the cutting unit (9) can be moved very easily with full continuous conveyor belts, being a conveyor belt without holes and conveyor belts that only comprise belt. This is because the flat underside (14) can support and rest well here on a conveyor belt. The conveyor belts of the second conveyor unit (7) and the third conveyor unit (11a, 11b) are therefore preferably always full conveyor belts (7, 11a, 11b).
The transport module (5) shown in Figure 3 is an oval-shaped disc with two openings (4) and therefore two passages (8). The transport module (5) shown in Figure 4 is a circular disc with a central passage (8) with the said opening (4). Figure 5 shows a cross-section of the transport module (5) shown in figure 4 and in figures 6 and 7 this cross-section is shown when a mushroom (1) is arranged in this transport module (5) prior to cutting off the handle end extending beyond the passage (8).

权利要求:
Claims (21)
[1]
CONCLUSIONS
A device for transporting picked mushrooms (1) comprising a hat (2) and a handle (3), such as mushrooms (1), said device comprising a plurality of openings (4) through which the handle (3) of a mushroom (1) can be applied according to substantially a downwardly directed pick-up direction (A), and comprises one or more displacement means for displacing these openings (4) from a picking zone, where the mushrooms (1) are picked and arranged in the openings (4) , to a removal zone where the mushrooms (1) arranged in the openings (4) are removable, characterized in that this device comprises a plurality of transport modules (5) which each comprise one or more said openings (4), and the displacement means comprise at least a first transport unit (6a, 6b), (60a, 60b), for moving the transport modules (5) to an intermediate point and a second transport unit (7), which connects to the first transport unit (6a, 6b), (60a, 60b) t there is a height of the intermediate point for moving the transport modules (5) from the intermediate point to the removal zone, the first transport unit (6a, 6b), (60a, 60b) being provided to be arranged at least partially in the picking zone.
[2]
Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first transport unit (6a, 6b), (60a, 60b) and the second transport unit each comprise one or more conveyor belts (7) for supporting and carrying the transport modules (5) .
[3]
Device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that at least one conveyor belt comprises at least one belt and a frame, said one belt being arranged movably around the frame.
[4]
Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device comprises at least two said first transport units (6a, 6b), (60a, 60b)
BE2017 / 5478 each of which connects at said intermediate point to said second transport unit (7).
[5]
Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the openings (4) extend along a plane and a maximum dimension of these openings (4) is between 1.5 cm and 4.5 cm such that, seen in the receiving direction (A), the hat (2) is provided to extend substantially on the top of the opening (4).
[6]
Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device comprises at least two types of transport modules (5), the dimensions of the openings (4) of these transport modules (5) differing from each other.
[7]
Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said opening (4) provides access to or forms part of a passage (8) which extends through the respective transport module (5) according to the receiving direction (A).
[8]
Device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the device comprises a cutting unit (9) comprising one or more cutting elements (9a, 9b) for cutting a stem end which extends beyond said passage (8) viewed in the recording direction (A).
[9]
Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the first conveyor unit (6a, 6b), (60a, 60b) comprises a conveyor belt (6a, 6b, 60b) for supporting and carrying the conveyor modules (5), said conveyor belt (6a, 6b, 60b) leaves access to the passageways (8) free.
[10]
Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the conveyor belt (6a, 6b, 60b) comprises at least two conveyor belts (20) that are spaced apart and
BE2017 / 5478 are arranged substantially parallel to each other, the transport modules (5) being provided for resting on both conveyor belts (20).
[11]
Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the conveyor belt (6a, 6b, 60b) comprises holes, the passages (8) of the transport modules (5) being provided for extending above these holes.
[12]
Device according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the one or more cutting elements are arranged rotatably.
[13]
Device according to claim 12, characterized in that each cutting unit (9) comprises at least two cutting elements, said cutting elements being bars which partially overlap each other during rotation about their axis of rotation.
[14]
Device according to one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that the cutting unit (9) comprises one or more guide elements (19) for guiding the transport modules (5) along the one or more cutting elements (9a) , 9b).
[15]
Device according to one of claims 7 to 14, characterized in that said passage (8) comprises a hat space (10) which, viewed in accordance with the receiving direction (A), extends at the top of the opening (4) , wherein the hat (2) is provided with a mushroom (1) to extend at least partially in the hat space (10).
[16]
Device according to claim 15, characterized in that the dimensions of the hat space (10), viewed in a plane perpendicular to the receiving direction (A), adhere towards the opening (4).
[17]
Device according to one of claims 7 to 16, characterized in that the dimension of the passage (8), viewed in the direction of the pick-up direction (A) and measured from the opening (4) and directed downwards, is between 0.1 and 3 cm.
BE2017 / 5478
[18]
Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cross-section of a said transport module (5) perpendicular to the pick-up direction (A) is oval-shaped.
[19]
Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transport modules (5) are mainly made of hard plastic or metal.
[20]
Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the displacement means comprise at least a third transport unit (11a, 11b) for displacing transport modules (5) from the removal zone back to a said picking zone.
[21]
A company site for growing mushrooms (1), such as mushrooms (1), which comprise a hat (2) and a handle (3), said company site comprising a device as shown in one or more of claims 1 to 20 , and wherein this business site comprises a first cultivation cell (18), said first cultivation cell (18) comprising a picking zone in which the mushrooms (1) are picked, the first transport unit (6a, 6b), (60a, 60b) being at least partially arranged in this picking zone, and that this business site comprises a collection space (12), this collection space (12) comprising the removal zone.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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BR112019022931A2|2020-06-09|

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CN110831430A|2020-02-21|

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BE1025212A1|2018-12-05|

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RU2019139575A|2021-06-09|

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CA3061880A1|2018-11-15|

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EP3621425A1|2020-03-18|

---

AU2018265366A1|2019-11-14|

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US20200170201A1|2020-06-04|

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CL2019003177A1|2020-01-24|

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法律状态:
2019-01-16| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20181210 |

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2021-04-28| MM| Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee|Effective date: 20200731 |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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BE201705323|2017-05-08|

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BE2017/5323|2017-05-08|RU2019139575A| RU2019139575A|2017-05-08|2018-05-08|MUSHROOM TRANSPORTATION DEVICE|

---

US16/612,260| US20200170201A1|2017-05-08|2018-05-08|Device for conveying mushrooms|

---

BR112019022931A| BR112019022931A2|2017-05-08|2018-05-08|mushroom transport device|

---

CN201880030614.0A| CN110831430A|2017-05-08|2018-05-08|Device for transporting mushrooms|

---

EP18727444.4A| EP3621425A1|2017-05-08|2018-05-08|Device for conveying mushrooms|

---

PCT/IB2018/053176| WO2018207085A1|2017-05-08|2018-05-08|Device for conveying mushrooms|

---

AU2018265366A| AU2018265366A1|2017-05-08|2018-05-08|Device for conveying mushrooms|

---

CA3061880A| CA3061880A1|2017-05-08|2018-05-08|Device for conveying mushrooms|

---

CL2019003177A| CL2019003177A1|2017-05-08|2019-11-06|Device for transporting mushrooms.|